【Abstract】 Objective Provide the scientific basis for the prevention and control of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Zhouning county. Methods Plague was surveyed according to Mornitoring alternatives of national hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome.  Results Ten cases were reported in 2007 in Zhouning county, and the incidence rate was 5.12/100 000, decreasing obviously compared to that in 2005-2006. HFRS mainly distributed in Shicheng town and Puyuan town. The incidence peak was Jan.?Feb. and Oct.?Dec. The patient was young adults aged from 18 to 55, and the incidence rate of the male was higher than that of the female. Rattus norvegicus was the indoor dominant specie, and Apodemus agrarius was the outdoor dominant specie. The rate carrying virus of rodents in the field was 13.98%, higher than that in the indoors (6.63%) (χ2＝3.94, P＜0.05). Conclusion The characteristics of HFRS is mixed type in Zhouning county, and integrated measures should  be taken to control the prevalence of HFRS, which should put the emphasis on deratization and vaccine inoculation.